JavaScript is a prototype-based scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is a multi-paradigm language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and functional programming styles. wikipedia.org

"TypeScript is a free and open source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a strict superset of JavaScript, and adds optional static typing and class-based object-oriented programming to the language. Anders Hejlsberg, lead architect of C# and creator of Delphi and Turbo Pascal, has worked on the development of TypeScript." wikipedia.org

Augmented reality (AR) is a live, direct or indirect, view of a physical, real-world environment whose elements are augmented by computer-generated sensory input such as sound, video, graphics or GPS data. wikipedia.org

Virtual reality replicates an environment that simulates a physical presence in places in the real world or an imagined world, allowing the user to interact with that world. wikipedia.org

3D computer graphics are works of graphic art that were created with the aid of digital computer and specialized 3D software. In general, the term may also refer to the process of creating such graphics, or the field of study of 3D computer graphic techniques and its related technology. wikipedia.org

Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. wikipedia.org

Game development is the generally involved and lengthy process of creating a video game. Development is undertaken by a game developer, which may range from a single person to a large business. wikipedia.org

OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a standard specification defining a cross-language, cross-platform API for writing applications that produce 2D and 3D computer graphics. wikipedia.org

3D rendering is the 3D computer graphics process of automatically converting 3D wire frame models into 2D images with 3D photorealistic effects on a computer. wikipedia.org

"The canvas element is part of HTML5 and allows for dynamic, scriptable rendering of 2D shapes and bitmap images."

WebGL (Web Graphics Library) is a JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D graphics and 2D graphics within any compatible web browser without the use of plug-ins.

Three.js is a lightweight cross-browser JavaScript library/API used to create and display animated 3D computer graphics on a Web browser. Three.js uses WebGL. The source code is hosted in a repository on GitHub. wikipedia.org

The front end is responsible for collecting input in various forms from the user and processing it to conform to a specification the back end can use. The front end is an interface between the user and the back end. wikipedia.org